LABORATORIO DI RAPPRESENTAZIONE E GEOMETRIA DESCRITTIVA M - Z

The Laboratory of Representation and Descriptive Geometry aims to involve each student in understanding the basic mechanisms of the subject, to the point of rendering the practice of the imagination of three-dimensional objects represented on a two-dimensional support natural. The applications that will be proposed, even with the targeted use of three-dimensional modeling software, have in fact the objective, in constituting a basic theoretical support, to develop in the students a clear mental vision of the three-dimensional space.

The constant, conscious and assiduous exercise is the only means to reach this goal and for this reason a condition of total immersion in the graphic practice is expected.

The course aims to lead students to:

- be able to apply their knowledge, comprehension skills and ability to solve problems in new or unfamiliar issues, inserted in broader (or interdisciplinary) contexts connected to their field of study;
- acquire the ability to integrate knowledge and manage complexity, as well as to make judgments based on limited or incomplete information, including reflection on social and ethical responsibilities related to the application of their knowledge and judgments;
- know how to communicate their conclusions, as well as the underlying knowledge and rationale, clearly and unambiguously, to specialist and non-specialist interlocutors;
- develop learning skills that allow them to continue to study mostly in a self-directed or autonomous way.

Teaching in Laboratory of Representation and Descriptive Geometry will take place mainly in the classroom. Each student must be provided with the tools for geometric drawing. Frontal lessons and drawing exercises, researches and applications will alternate in a dense and continuous manner. During the exercises there will be corrections and didactic talks in order to verify the progress of individual learning and support personal motivations. There are some outdoor drawing exercises both freehand and geometric, on large supports. Some integrative activities will allow a basic approach to CAD drawing softwares.

Drawing represents the elective instrument of 'making architecture' and has always been the means through which design thinking unfolds. With the certainty that the practice of architecture must firstly be based on the clear knowledge of the technical and conceptual tools of traditional drawing, for training purposes, for the first few months the use of computer-assisted design is excluded, which will concern only the central and final part of the course. However, the use of manual techniques and elementary materials will be fundamental: paper, cardboard, pencils, colored crayons, watercolors, compasses, rubber, rulers and teams. The acquisition of a basic technique and a refined manual will allow, in the course of the studies to appreciate and use at best, with the fullest awareness the tools offered by modern technology.

he topics covered are the following:

- technical and theoretical tools of the drawing,

- Elementary geometric constructions,

- Harmonious proportions and musical harmony,

- Representation methods,

- geometric patterns and diagrams,

- Fundamentals of graphic analysis,

- Languages: alphabet and architectural orders,

- Vignola's architectural orders

- The functions of the drawing

- Complete representation of an architectural project

- Monge projections: reference model and representation of geometric entities, plane and solid figures,

- Monge projections: sections and plans reversal,

- Perspective: reference model and representation of geometric entities, plane and solid figures,

- Perspective: Measuring points,

- Axonometry: reference model and representation of geometric entities, plane and solid figures,

- Axonometry: oblique and orthogonal projections. Trace triangle,

- Axonometry: normalized backhoe loaders,

- Theory of shadows: shadows in Monge projections, axonometry, perspective.

1) C. Cundari, Il Disegno. Ragioni. Fondamenti. Applicazioni, Edizioni Kappa, Roma 2015.

2) E. Dotto, Il disegno degli ovali armonici, Catania 2002.

3) E. Dotto, Costruzioni geometriche. 60 esercizi di tracciamento con la riga ed il compasso, Siracusa 2007.

4) E. Dotto, Introduzione all’analisi grafica. Una nota didattica, Siracusa 2008.

5) E. Dotto, La sinagoga di Hurva di L. I. Kahn. Analisi grafica, Roma 2012.

6) L. Quaroni, Progettare un edificio. Otto lezioni di architettura, Milano 1977, particularly the 6th lesson, La geometria dell’architettura, pp. 146-194.

7) V. Ugo, Fondamenti della rappresentazione architettonica, Bologna 1994.

8) G. Boidi Trotti, Manuale di disegno architettonico ossia i cinque ordini del Vignola, Torino 1899 (copies of the plates will be provided).

Other bibliographical references will be provided during the course, in relation to the contents of in-depth lessons on the studied topics.